水泥（石灰）土路拌法施工工藝

　　Construction technology of cement (lime) soil road mixing method

　　一、適用范圍

　　1、 Scope of application

　　本工藝適用于在施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)采用路拌法施工的水泥、石灰穩(wěn)定土。

　　This process is applicable to cement and lime stabilized soil constructed by road mixing method on the construction site.

　　二、施工準(zhǔn)備

　　2、 Construction preparation

　　1.材料：素土、水泥（石灰）、土工布、塑料布

　　1. Materials: Plain soil, cement (lime), geotextile, plastic cloth

　?。?）素土：初始含水率宜比最佳含水率大 2%～3%。含水率偏低時(shí)，在

　　(1) Plain soil: The initial moisture content should be 2% to 3% higher than the optimal moisture content. When the moisture content is low, in

　　施工階段補(bǔ)水處理；含水率偏高時(shí)晾曬處理；如果沒(méi)有合適土源，所用土

　　Water replenishment treatment during the construction phase; Air dry when the moisture content is too high; If there is no suitable soil source, the soil used

　　過(guò)濕，水泥土可考慮摻入適量比例的石灰，石灰土可考慮加大灰劑量。

　　If it is too wet, cement soil can consider adding an appropriate proportion of lime, and lime soil can consider increasing the amount of lime.

　?。?）水泥：選用初凝時(shí)間大于 3h、終凝時(shí)間不小于 6h 的 32.5 級(jí)、42.5

　　(2) Cement: Choose 32.5 grade and 42.5 grade with an initial setting time greater than 3 hours and a final setting time of not less than 6 hours

　　級(jí)普通硅酸鹽水泥、礦渣硅酸鹽、火山灰硅酸鹽水泥。

　　Grade ordinary Portland cement, slag silicate, volcanic ash silicate cement.

　?。?）石灰：首選球磨灰，生石灰塊需提前消解，過(guò) 20mm×20mm 篩網(wǎng)。

　　(3) Lime: Ball milled ash is preferred, and quicklime blocks need to be digested in advance and sieved through a 20mm x 20mm sieve.

　　2.機(jī)具：推土機(jī)、挖掘機(jī)、刮平機(jī)、水泥撒布車、中置式路拌機(jī)、旋

　　2. Machinery: bulldozer, excavator, scraper, cement spreader, mid mounted road mixer, rotary mixer

　　耕犁（后置式路拌機(jī)）、22t 鋼輪壓路機(jī)、30t 膠輪壓路機(jī)、灑水車。

　　Plow (rear mounted road mixer), 22t steel wheel roller, 30t rubber wheel roller, sprinkler truck.

　　3.施工策劃

　　3. Construction planning

　?。?）水泥土每個(gè)施工段最大面積控制在 2500 ㎡左右。

　　(1) The maximum area of each construction section of cement soil should be controlled at around 2500 square meters.

　?。?）根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)及試驗(yàn)段總結(jié)，確定每個(gè)施工步驟所需時(shí)長(zhǎng)，選擇合適

　　(2) Based on experience and summary of test sections, determine the required duration for each construction step and choose the appropriate one

　　的布灰拌和起始時(shí)間，使刮平碾壓避開(kāi)夜間返潮和陽(yáng)光直射時(shí)段。

　　The starting time for mixing the cloth and ash should be such that the scraping and rolling should avoid the period of night moisture and direct sunlight.

　?。?）根據(jù)試驗(yàn)段總結(jié)出素土攤鋪時(shí)及整平時(shí)的虛鋪系數(shù)，水泥（石灰）

　　(3) Based on the experimental section, summarize the virtual paving coefficient during plain soil paving and leveling, cement (lime)

　　土刮平時(shí)的虛鋪系數(shù)，以及壓實(shí)機(jī)械組合、碾壓遍數(shù)。

　　The coefficient of false paving during soil scraping, as well as the combination of compaction machinery and the number of rolling passes.

　　三、工藝流程

　　3、 Process flow

　　素土攤鋪→素土整平→水泥（石灰）撒布→拌和→穩(wěn)壓→刮平→碾壓

　　Plain soil paving → Plain soil leveling → Cement (lime) spreading → Mixing → Pressure stabilization → Scraping → Rolling

　　→養(yǎng)護(hù)

　　→ Maintenance

　　四、過(guò)程演示

　　4、 Process demonstration

　　1.素土攤鋪：下承層整平密實(shí)，驗(yàn)收合格后，白灰標(biāo)出施工范圍邊線。

　　1. Plain soil paving: The lower layer shall be leveled and compacted. After passing the acceptance inspection, the construction boundary shall be marked with white lime.

　　計(jì)算每平方素土的虛鋪方量（虛鋪系數(shù)取 1.4～1.5），按照運(yùn)輸車裝載方量

　　Calculate the virtual paving volume per square meter of plain soil (with a virtual paving coefficient of 1.4-1.5), based on the loading volume of the transport vehicle

　　計(jì)算方格網(wǎng)尺寸，白灰標(biāo)出布土方格網(wǎng)，每個(gè)方格網(wǎng)內(nèi)傾倒一車素土。挖

　　Calculate the grid size, mark the soil grid with white gray, and dump one truck of plain soil into each grid. dig

　　掘機(jī)將素土攤開(kāi)。

　　The excavator spreads out the plain soil.

　　2.素土整平：按照縱橫向間距 5 米測(cè)量高程，布設(shè)白灰點(diǎn)控制虛鋪高

　　2. Plain soil leveling: Measure the elevation at a distance of 5 meters in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and set up white gray points to control the virtual paving height

　　度（虛鋪系數(shù)取 1.4～1.5），推土機(jī)或挖掘機(jī)整平、穩(wěn)壓，穩(wěn)壓后對(duì)不平整

　　Degree (with a virtual paving coefficient of 1.4-1.5), level and stabilize with a bulldozer or excavator, and after stabilizing, correct any unevenness

　　區(qū)域單獨(dú)處理。水泥（石灰）撒布前使用刮平機(jī)將素土刮平一遍。此階段

　　Separate handling of regions. Before spreading cement (lime), use a scraper to level the plain soil once. At this stage

　　檢測(cè)含水率偏低時(shí)，灑水車補(bǔ)水，使含水率比最佳含水率大 2%～3%；含水

　　When the moisture content is detected to be low, the sprinkler truck should replenish water to make the moisture content 2% to 3% higher than the optimal moisture content; water-containing

　　率過(guò)高時(shí)，采用旋耕犁或后置式路拌機(jī)翻拌晾曬。

　　When the rate is too high, use a rotary tiller or a rear mounted road mixer to mix and air dry.

　　3.水泥（石灰）撒布：計(jì)算每平方水泥（石灰）用量，在撒布車上設(shè)

　　3. Cement (lime) spreading: Calculate the amount of cement (lime) per square meter and set it on the spreading vehicle

　　定撒布系數(shù)；白灰標(biāo)識(shí)施工邊線，按撒布車寬度逐行撒布水泥（石灰）。

　　Fixed spreading coefficient; Mark the construction boundary with white ash and spread cement (lime) line by line according to the width of the spreading vehicle.

　　4.拌合：調(diào)試路拌機(jī)拌合深度，比設(shè)計(jì)值大 10mm～20mm，拌合范圍重

　　4. Mixing: Adjust the mixing depth of the road mixer to be 10mm~20mm greater than the design value, with a heavy mixing range

　　200mm。拌和過(guò)程專人抽查拌和深度，采用旋耕犁或后置式路拌機(jī)翻拌中置式路拌機(jī)輪跡。

　　200mm. During the mixing process, a dedicated person checks the mixing depth and uses a rotary tiller or a rear mounted road mixer to flip and mix the wheel marks of a mid mounted road mixer.

　　5.穩(wěn)壓：推土機(jī)或挖掘機(jī)穩(wěn)壓一遍，不平整處單獨(dú)處理。檢測(cè)含水率

　　5. Voltage stabilization: Bulldozers or excavators should be stabilized once, and uneven areas should be treated separately. Detect moisture content

　　偏低時(shí)，灑水車補(bǔ)水，并等待水分充分滲入土體，使含水率比最佳含水率

　　When the water is too low, the sprinkler truck should replenish the water and wait for the water to fully penetrate the soil, so that the moisture content is higher than the optimal moisture content

　　0.5%～1%。

　　0.5% to 1%.

　　6.刮平：恢復(fù)高程控制點(diǎn)，虛鋪系數(shù)取 1.15～1.2，刮平機(jī)精細(xì)找平。

　　6. Scraping: Restore the elevation control points, set the virtual paving coefficient to 1.15-1.2, and use a scraper to finely level.

　　7.碾壓：先用 22t 單鋼輪壓路機(jī)靜壓 2 遍，再用 22t 單鋼輪壓路機(jī)弱

　　7. Rolling: First, use a 22t single steel wheel roller to statically press twice, and then use a 22t single steel wheel roller to press weakly

　　2 遍，強(qiáng)振 1～2 遍，最后用 30t 膠輪壓路機(jī)靜壓 2 遍，直至壓實(shí)度達(dá)到要求。碾壓時(shí)先低后高、先慢后快，輪跡重疊 1/3。土質(zhì)為粉質(zhì)土、砂性土?xí)r，壓路機(jī)前進(jìn)時(shí)振動(dòng)，后退時(shí)靜壓。

　　Twice, vigorously vibrate 1-2 times, and finally use a 30t rubber roller to statically press twice until the compaction degree meets the requirements. When rolling, start low and then high, start slow and then fast, with wheel tracks overlapping by 1/3. When the soil is silty soil or sandy soil, the roller vibrates when moving forward and static pressure when moving backward.

　　8.養(yǎng)護(hù)：碾壓完成后，先覆蓋土工布，人工灑水濕潤(rùn)，再覆蓋一層塑

　　8. Maintenance: After compaction is completed, cover with geotextile, manually sprinkle water to moisten, and then cover with a layer of plastic

　　料布。中下層水泥（石灰）土可采用覆土養(yǎng)護(hù)，養(yǎng)護(hù)期內(nèi)完成素土整形。

　　Material cloth. The middle and lower layers of cement (lime) soil can be cured by covering with soil, and the natural soil shaping can be completed during the curing period.

　　五、注意事項(xiàng)

　　5、 Precautions

　　1.質(zhì)量控制

　　1. Quality control

　?。?）下承層碾壓范圍及素土攤鋪范圍應(yīng)比底基層每側(cè)寬 500mm 以上。

　　(1) The rolling range of the lower layer and the paving range of the plain soil should be at least 500mm wider than each side of the base layer.

　　（2）灰劑量計(jì)算時(shí)，應(yīng)比設(shè)計(jì)要求含量增加 0.5%～1.0%。

　　(2) When calculating the ash dosage, it should be increased by 0.5% to 1.0% compared to the design requirements.

　?。?）從撒布水泥開(kāi)始必須連續(xù)緊湊施工，確保在水泥初凝前完成碾壓。

　　(3) Continuous and compact construction must be carried out from the spreading of cement to ensure that compaction is completed before the initial setting of the cement.

　?。?）采取補(bǔ)水措施后，可采用旋耕犁或后置式路拌機(jī)復(fù)拌一遍，但水

　　(4) After taking water replenishment measures, a rotary tiller or a rear mounted road mixer can be used to mix again, but the water

　　泥土需考慮施工時(shí)間，避免碾壓完成前水泥初凝。

　　The construction time should be considered for the soil to avoid initial setting of cement before compaction is completed.

　　（5）施工各階段應(yīng)安排工人清理土中夾雜的石塊、磚塊、樹(shù)根等雜物，

　　(5) At each stage of construction, workers should be arranged to clean up debris such as stones, bricks, tree roots, etc. mixed in the soil,

　　避免刮平碾壓后形成小坑，影響觀感質(zhì)量。

　　Avoid forming small pits after scraping and rolling, which may affect the visual quality.

　　2.成品防護(hù)

　　2. Finished product protection

　?。?）水泥土施工后應(yīng)封閉交通，需要灑水養(yǎng)護(hù)時(shí)采用小型灑水車，避

　　(1) After cement soil construction, traffic should be closed off, and small sprinkler trucks should be used for watering and maintenance to avoid

　　免碾壓造成輪跡或表面松散。

　　Avoid rolling and causing wheel marks or loose surfaces.

　?。?）采用覆土養(yǎng)護(hù)時(shí)，挖掘機(jī)、運(yùn)輸車不能在水泥（石灰）土上行走，

　　(2) When using soil cover for maintenance, excavators and transport vehicles cannot walk on cement (lime) soil,

　　應(yīng)先墊一層厚度不小于 300mm 的素土。道路兩側(cè)具備堆土條件的可提前存

　　A layer of plain soil with a thickness of not less than 300mm should be placed first. Pre storage of soil with conditions for stacking on both sides of the road

　　土，水泥（石灰）土施工后采用挖掘機(jī)甩土覆蓋。

　　After the construction of soil and cement (lime) soil, excavators are used to dump soil and cover it.

　　3.安全文明：施工人員應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)離機(jī)械，夜間施工要設(shè)置足夠數(shù)量的燈，

　　3. Safety and civilization: Construction personnel should stay away from machinery, and sufficient number of lights should be set up for night construction,

　　確保施工人員安全。

　　Ensure the safety of construction personnel.

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